Saturday, March 5, 2011

Xanax Effects on The Brain

Xanax can be very beneficial for people(s) suffering with certain conditions, but abusing the drug can  have negative effects on your brain. In this article, we explore the medical studies conducted over the last 20 years related to Xanax effects on the brain.

The first study we will talk about involves a medical study conducted in 2004, which concluded that Xanax reduces electrical flow in the brain. The study states that the change is clear in the brain wave, also known as electroencephalogram, or EEG activity. A 1995 report in the "European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology" tested the effects of Xanax on electrical responses to numerous stimuli. The results showed that Xanax reduced the potential responses. This change indicates a drug-induced decrease in cognitive information processing capacity and an extension of stimulus evaluation time. In other words, Xanax slows the brains ability to retain information and react.

Another study we found was conducted in 1993, and is  related to "Neuropsychopharmacology." The study shows that Xanax reduced the flow of cerebral blood flow by about 25 percent. A decrease in blood flow would lead to a decrease in brain activity. These Xanax effects appeared within a week of treatment, but the effects went away after two weeks of use. The study also shows the ineffectiveness of Xanax after a certain period of time.

According to an online review published by McGill University, the main targets for Xanax are benzodiazepine receptors. These receptors are present throughout the brain. They are located on the gamma-aminobutyric acid, or GABA, receptor complex. The chemical GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter which affects muscle tone. Xanax effects GABA by increasing the availability of its receptors.

A 2008 review in "Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior" shows that panic can be induced by the inhalation of carbon dioxide. The authors suggest that this panic is mediated by GABA receptors. A 2009 report in the "Journal of Psychopharmacology" reveals that pretreatment with Xanax prevents the anxiety associated with carbon dioxide intake. The latter result demonstrates the role GABA plays in the behavioral Xanax effects.

Another study we came across, discusses the Xanax effects of benzodiazepines on the hormone system. This study was published in the September 2002 edition of the "Journal of Endocrinological Investigation," and concludes that drugs like Xanax target the corticotropin-releasing hormone, or CRH, in the hypothalamus. This hormone is located in the center of the brain, and it controls the timing of chemical release and behavioral state. This specific hormone is released in response to stress by the paraventricular nucleus. Xanax suppresses CRH, and thereby decreases the stress response.

The final study we will discuss is a 2007 experiment published in the "Journal of Neuroscience." The experiment concluded that Xanax could affect the output of the biological clock that controls the daily rhythms of people(s). In other words, our daily routine is affected or changed because our brain has been altered.

What can we conclude from these studies and experiments? That Xanax can have a noticeable effect on the human brain. This article exemplifies the importance of proper Xanax use and Xanax effects.

1 comment:

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